Poetry is a form of Freedom and Expression - 721 Words

For some individuals, poetry is a form of freedom and expression. It is one of the many creative ways to release feelings of anger and happiness from the human mind. The intensity of every rhythm, word, and style of each poem allow readers to uncover deeper significance to the context. The rich variety of mixing a combination of human imagination and reality to tell a story with deeper meaning is remarkable. This concept of combining poems and human imagination together emerged from one important historic figure, Edgar Allan Poe. Living an impoverished background, Poe inscribed stories of horror and mystery into collections of poems and short stories. He expresses his thoughts on paper with great thrill and excitement. Known for his wild imagination that included suspenseful dark tales, he poses as a literary figure and inspired many across the world. Although Poes writings changed the world of literature, his personal life was a struggle. Born on January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was the son of traveling actors. However, at the age of three, Poes biological mother died and his father left the family. Despite this misfortune, tobacco merchants, John and Frances Allan raised Poe in Richmond, Virginia. From here, his love for writing blossomed and thrived. Even though his foster father trained Poe to be a successful tobacco merchant, Poe showed no interest in the tobacco business. In fact, Poe wrote some of his early poems on the back of papers that wereShow MoreRelatedConfessional Poetry Essay1640 Words   |  7 PagesConfessional poetry is a style that emerged in the late 1950’s. Poetry of this type tends to be very personal and emotional. Many confessional poets dealt with subject matter that had previously been taboo. Death, trauma, mental illness, sexuality, and numerous other topics flowed through the works of the poetry from this movement. Confessional poetry was not purely autobiographical, but did often express deeply disturbing personal experience. (Academy of American Poets) Three importantRead MoreColeridges in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan816 Words   |  4 Pagesand rather intense ideas in his poetry, through using either peculiar or common images of all forms of nature ie human, environmental or supernatural. His poetic expression is unique in its use of extraordinary imagery and transition of mood yet he what he creates usually conforms to numerous literary techniques. The recurring theme in many of his poems is that of mans harmony with nature, and this idea, combined with his bizarre and even eccentric poetic expression provides a basis for both TheRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poetry And Poetry1312 Words   |  6 Pagesdark, meditative and defiant toned poems about death, gender and poetry itself, often challenging social beliefs and traditions. 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Analysis Of Theodore Roosevelt s Acquisition Of The...

From Theodore Roosevelt’s acquisition of the Panama Canal, presidential power over foreign matters has grown substantially, loosening its grip on the United States’ long standing policy of isolationism; officially abandoning it in the 1940s, when Frederick D. Roosevelt and the United States involved themselves in the infamous World War II. Today, the president of the United States works closely with the National Security Council (NSC), an agency of the Executive Office of the President, to council and advises him on all international, domestic and militaristic matters (American Gov’t, 420). Although the Constitution does not explicitly touch on all areas of foreign policy, it is up to Congress and the federal government to set Constitutional precedents. Over the years, the presidents that have been in office must consult the NSC and all other executive office agencies in order to be well informed on matters and in the process make rational decisions as the bigges t world power in the world. In order to fully understand, whether or not an increase in presidential powers is justified when it comes to foreign affairs, it is imperative to assess the works of different presidents since the World War II era onward and the effects it has had on its people, the world, and the country. An increase in presidential power is not justified when it comes to foreign affairs and policy because although they are the representation of the United States when travelling abroad or taking a stanceShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate

Hemophobia Essay Example For Students

Hemophobia Essay CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature Felicitas Artiaga-Soriano in her article â€Å"Irrational Fears† considered Fear and Anxiety as not always adoptive; that they can occur even in the absence of realistic threats and that one’s responses to threats can be out of proportion to the actual danger. Soriano also emphasized the difference between fear and anxiety, that fear is an alarm response triggered when there is actual danger while anxiety, on the other hand is future-oriented, wherein one anticipates the possibility of a threat impending danger. According to her, Genetic factors are also considered as causes of phobia though not seen as the sole cause. For, family members often share learning experiences and other environmental factors that patient with social phobia describe their parents as having: 1) discouraged them from socializing; 2) placed undue importance on the opinions of others; 3) used shame as a mans of discipline. Rachman’s Pathways to Fear Development says that there are three pathways involved in developing fear. First; direct conditioning, which typically involves the experience of being hurt or frightened by the phobic situation or object. Second: vicarious acquisition, which involves witnessing, some traumatic events or someone behave fearfully in the presence of the phobic situation or object. And lastly, informational and instructional pathways (an individual may develop flying phobia as a result of news about of plane crashes. According to General Psychology Classes of Emotional Reactions by Josefina Gaerlan et al. Fear is one of the most troublesome of all emotional ractions. The prominent feelings associated with fear are bodily sensations due to the activation of the autonomic nervous system. Common manifestations of fear are pounding of the heart, sinking feeling in the stomach, trembling and shaking, weakness, faintness and tensions. They stated that the basic characteristic of the fear situation is that the individual is not ready to react adequately to that situation. Not being ready may be attributed to the lack of techniques for dealing successfully with the feared situation or the subject is reacting to a series of stimuli which are not related to fear producing stimulus. And that, fear of a specific object or situation may have been acquired through conditioning. CHAPTER III Method and Procedure In this chapter, the researcher presented the method and procedure used in obtaining the data, in addition to the subjects of the study, the instrument adopted and the treatment of data. Method Used Using the descriptive method, the researcher stated the facts derived from the questionnaire which aimed to find out if the respondents are Hemophobic or not. Also to find out their reactions and their own way of dealing with their fear. Subjects of the Study The researcher selected twenty (20) BSMC Blk. 3 Students. They were enrolled during the second semester of the school year 2009-2010 at the PLM. Instrument Used The researcher adopted an instrument in the form of a questionnaire consisting eight questions that pertained to the respondents own experiences and opinions. Procedure The researcher distributed the questionnaires to twenty (20) respondents who belonged to same class. The researcher considered the willingness of the respondents in accomplishing the questionnaires. Treatment of the Data The researcher presented the data gathered from the questionnaires. The researcher tallied, tabulated, and interpreted the students respondents using the percentage to answer the questions related to the problem of the study. CHAPTER IV Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data The data gathered from selected Mass Communication student respondents were presented, analyzed and interpreted in this chapter. The twenty (20) respondents were given the questionnaires which include some relevant pieces of information such as the sole cause of Hemophobia, number of Hemophobic students, and the different reactions, and coping mechanisms of Hemophobic students. 1. Sole Cause of Hemophobia .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .postImageUrl , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:hover , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:visited , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:active { border:0!important; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:active , .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678 .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubaa33e31690eca7382cc486f1101d678:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ivan EssayZero (0%) percent or none of the respondents believes that Hemophobia is a result due to a real-life experience such as traumatic events and one hundred (100) percent believes that Hemophobia is acquired through conditioning. This suggests that Hemophobia has no source of trauma. 2. Hemophobic Students among PLM First Year BSMC Blk. 3 Eighty (90%) percent of the respondents do not dread the sight of blood and anything that has something to do with blood and ten (10%) percent dread the sight of blood particularly animal’s blood, their own blood, other people’s blood and filmed and printed images of blood. They also experienced atypical phobic reactions . This suggests that only few of the respondents posses Hemophobia. 3. Different Reactions of Hemophobic Students towards Blood One hundred (100%) percent of the Hemophobic students cry, scream, vomit, shiver, and panic whenever they are seeing blood. This suggests that all Hemophobic students experienced atypical reactions towards blood. 4. Coping Mechanisms of Hemophobic Students One hundred (100%) percent of the Hemophobic students deal with their fear through avoiding risky activities and at the same time avoiding injured people. This suggests that all Hemophobic students avoid anything related to blood. CHAPTER V Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations Summary of Findings 1. All of the respondents say that Hemophobia is just acquired through conditioning. 2. Very few of the respondents are Hemophobic. 3. All Hemophobic students experienced different kinds of atypical reactions towards blood. 4. All Hemophobic students avoid risky activities. They also avoid people having injuries. Conclusions The findings revealed the following conclusions: 1. Hemophobia has no source of trauma and that there is no trauma that leads to phobia. . Among the selected PLM First Year BSMC students only two (2) are Hemophobic. 3. The different reactions of Hemophobic students are: crying, screaming, vomiting, panicking, and shivering. 4. The coping mechanisms of Hemophobic students are: avoiding anything that can injure them and avoiding anyone having injury particularly people having open wounds. Recommendations The researcher d eemed it necessary to recommend the following: 1. People should understand every Hemophobic atypical reaction towards blood at the same time Hemophobic’s own way of dealing with their fear.

The Similarities and Differences of Christianity Versus Judaism Essay Example

The Similarities and Differences of Christianity Versus Judaism Essay The Similarities and Differences of Christianity versus Judaism Christianity and Judaism have many similarities and differences within their religions. Traditions play various roles and integrate through their beliefs, values, cultures, and making political decisions. Christianity and Judaism have changed historically throughout time. Judaism and Christianity rely on the basic standard of obeying God, an adherence to his rules and intentions and their faithful fulfillment. Judaism and Christianity are both monotheitic religions. Christianity and Judaism both believe in one God who is almighty. In Judaism, God is seen as having a contractual relationship with the Jewish people where they must obey his holy laws in return for their status of the chosen people. Both religions believe God is holy, righteous, and just. Christianity and Judaism share the Hebrew Scriptures known as the Old Testament. Both Christianity and Judaism believe in the existence of heaven, and hell. â€Å"Traditions and beliefs shared by Jews and Christians that derive for the Old Testament of the Bible are known as Judeo-Christians. (http://www. google. com/search? source=igamp;hl=enamp;rlz=1G1ACAWCENUS404amp;=amp;q=define%3AJudeo-Christianamp;btnG=Google+Search) Both Judaism and Christianity teach that God has a special plan for the nation of Israel and the Jewish people. The Person and work of Jesus Christ is the one primary issue that Christianity and Judaism cannot agree upon. Judaism recognizes Jesus as a good teacher, and perhaps a prophet of God. Judaism does not believe that Jesus was the Messiah. Taking it a step further, Christianity teaches that Jesus was God in the flesh. We will write a custom essay sample on The Similarities and Differences of Christianity Versus Judaism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Similarities and Differences of Christianity Versus Judaism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Similarities and Differences of Christianity Versus Judaism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Christianity teaches that God became a human being in the Person of Jesus Christ so He could lay down His life to pay the price for our sins. Judaism strongly denies that Jesus was God or that such a sacrifice was necessary. I feel that religion is the most vital aspect within the Christian and Jewish cultural societies. Without religious doctrines both Christians and Jews would not benefit or bring forth positive change and success within their communities. The Jews have many beliefs similar to the Christians. Thanksgiving focuses are thoughts on that which we have to be thankful for. While Thanksgiving and the expression of gratitude is a secular holiday, the idea of thankfulness is deeply rooted in the Jewish faith. There are many rituals, historical and theological connections between Judaism and Thanksgiving. The Puritans strongly identified with the historical traditions and customs of the Israelites in the Bible. In their quest for religious freedom, they viewed their journey to America as similar to the migration of the Israelites from Egypt. England was Egypt, the king was Pharaoh, the Atlantic Ocean their Red Sea and the Puritans were the Israelites, entering into a new covenant with God in a new Promised Land. In fact, most of the Puritans had Hebrew names and there was even a proposal to make Hebrew the language of the colonies! On thanksgiving, the Jewish people give thanks for all of the good in our lives. Saying â€Å"Thank You† is a primary Jewish value. Christians celebrate Thanksgiving in both traditional and alternative ways in order to show gratitude for all they’ve been given. A Jewish funeral is a sacred rite and should be invested with both dignity and simplicity as taught by Jewish tradition. The family of the deceased should consult the Rabbi when death occurs. Preplanning is encouraged. (See 7. 2 of this GUIDE) The Jewish way of dealing with death is one part of a larger philosophy of life in which all persons are viewed with dignity and respect. Our people believe that, even after death, the body, which once held a holy human life, retains its sanctity. Our sages have compared the sacredness of the deceased to that of an impaired Torah scroll which, although n o longer useable, retains its holiness. In Jewish tradition, therefore, the greatest consideration and respect are accorded the dead. Jewish law and tradition have endowed funeral and mourning practices with profound religious significance. To this end, Jewish funerals avoid ostentation; family and visitors reflect in dress and deportment the solemnity of the occasion; flowers and music are inappropriate; embalming and viewing are avoided; and interment takes place as soon as possible after death. A Hevra Kadisha, a holy society traditionally supervises funerals in Jewish communities, consisting of volunteers who aid the bereaved and ensure that appropriate practices are followed. In some communities this is carried out by local cemetery societies or by funeral homes which observe Jewish customs and traditions. The preparation and burial of the body are highly valued mitzvot. It is a chesed shel emet, an act of kindness performed without ulterior motive, for the dead cannot repay this service. When a member of a community dies, it is the communitys responsibility to lovingly assist the deceaseds family in this final act. A Theology of Christian Burial: As members of the Church, having been baptized into the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, it is appropriate that all Christian persons be buried from the Church. As we believe in the resurrection of Christ, so we also believe that our bodies will participate in His resurrection at the Last Day. These concepts are foundational to our identity as Christians, and we affirm them when we recite the Creeds of the Church in worship. As members of the body of Christ, it is most important that the Burial Office be a service of public worship, and that it be read within the context of the Holy Eucharist. To do so is a powerful symbol of our being joined to the whole Church, both the living and the dead. As the Prayer Book states (BCP 507), the Burial Office is an Easter liturgy which finds its meaning in our Lords victory over death and the grave. In this liturgy, we celebrate the life and ministry of our deceased sister or brother. And, we look forward in an eschatological way to reunion with those who are dead, and with Christ himself, the pioneer and perfecter of our faith (Hebrews  12:2). Even so, our joy in the passing of a loved one into the larger life in Christ neither can nor should preclude a natural outpouring of grief. Whenever we have become separated from one whom we love, grief over that loss is a good, healthy and God-given emotional response. Indeed, one purpose of the funeral rite is to aid in the facilitation of such grief by clearly showing the finality of death until the time of resurrection. How an individual experiences grief in no way provides a measure of that persons faith, Christian hope or love for the deceased. http://www. standrewscanton. org/burial. html Another cultural tradition is Jewish food. â€Å"Kashrut† refers to the laws pertaining to food in the Jewish religion. â€Å"Kosher† means that a food is ‘fit’ or permitted. Foods such as pork and shellfish are strictly forbidden. The Jewish ‘food laws’ originated more than 3,000 years ago and contribute to a formal code of behavior that reinforces the identity of a Jewish community. Food forms an integral part of religion in life for a practicing Jew. Jewish feast days include Rosh Hashanah and Passover. The Passover commemorates the birth of the Jewish nation. The food eaten helps to tell the story of the Exodus; for example, bitter herbs recall the suffering of the Israelites under Egyptian rule. Christians do not have any food laws. The only exception would be that since the body of the Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit, it is to be treated with respect and cared for but not in a religious regulation sense, or in terms of earning points with God for salvation. Christians usually avoid both smoking and non-medical drugs both for this reason and that they are part of the world’s way of seeking pleasure and perhaps to fill a void which for the Christian has been filled in Christ. Do this in remembrance of me is evoked each time Christians reenact Christs last supper with his disciples. By commemorating Christs last meal, repeating his words and gestures, Christians re-create the sacred time of Christ and his disciples and eat with him again as they eat in community as his body. Or, Christians believe that they actually eat Christs sacrificed body in the form of the bread host and in so doing are incorporated into it to live forever with God. http://www. answers. com/topic/religion-and-food#ixzz164vmAwcY A Jewish cultural tradition is marital harmony. The Talmud argues that a man should love his wife as much as he loves himself, and honor her more than he honors himself, indeed, one who honors his wife was said, by the classical rabbis, to be rewarded with wealth. Similarly, a husband was expected to discuss with his wife any worldly matters that might arise in his life. Tough love is frowned upon. The Talmud forbids a husband from being overbearing to his household and domestic abuse by him is also condemned. As for the wife, the greatest praise the Talmudic rabbis offered to any woman was that given to a wife who fulfils the wishes of her husband, to this end, an early midrash argues that a wife should not leave the home too often. A wife, also, was expected to be modest, even if the only other person present with her was her husband. It was believed in classical times that Gods presence dwelt in a pure and loving home. Christian views on marriage typically regard it as instituted and ordained by God for the lifelong relationship between one man as husband and one woman as wife, and is to be held in honor among all. [Heb 13:4]. Civil laws recognize marriage as having social and political status. Christian theology affirms the secular status of marriage, but additionally views it from a moral and religious perspective that transcends all social interests. While marriage is honored among Christians and throughout the Bible, it is not seen as

Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name

come back to him from across the narrow channel, softly and eerily as if from some other world.† This shows how he understands his environment. Another example is found on page 47. â€Å" but keetah it isn’t the whole life of thew swimmer i9s one courage and adventure. All of it builds to the climax and the end. When the swimmer dies he has spent himself completely for the end of which he was made, and this is not sadness, it is triumph.† This shows that he has thought of this deep ly and has learned from it. Here is an example of what life environmentally wise, was like for the mark. â€Å" how would he live again in the world he had almost forgotten, where men throw up smoke screens between themselves and the fundamentals whose existence the fear but seldom admit?† pages 145. Those showed that instead of just seeing his environment he actually unders... Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name I heard the owl call my name In the book â€Å"I heard the owl call my name† by Margaret Craven, the main character Mark Brown sees life differently because of his new environment he has been placed in, Kingcome. Mark learns and understands himself more in his new setting. Within the book many passages show that he learned that he was like a swimmer and belongs with them. On page 47 Marta says â€Å" The swimmer is your relative. You belong to the salmon people.† never in marks wildest dreams would he ever consider himself related to the swimmer; and so he learned something new about himself. Another thing Mark learned and understood about himself was how well he adopted to new things. These are just some of the ways Mark learned and understood more about him. Some other ways Mark saw life differently was in his his surroundings, he came to understand and respect them more. On page 147 an example of this reads. ‘ here he gave the ashes of calamity to the sea, and when he came to the last words of the committal, rest eternal grant unto him O Lord.† he heard the echo of the words come back to him from across the narrow channel, softly and eerily as if from some other world.† This shows how he understands his environment. Another example is found on page 47. â€Å" but keetah it isn’t the whole life of thew swimmer i9s one courage and adventure. All of it builds to the climax and the end. When the swimmer dies he has spent himself completely for the end of which he was made, and this is not sadness, it is triumph.† This shows that he has thought of this deep ly and has learned from it. Here is an example of what life environmentally wise, was like for the mark. â€Å" how would he live again in the world he had almost forgotten, where men throw up smoke screens between themselves and the fundamentals whose existence the fear but seldom admit?† pages 145. Those showed that instead of just seeing his environment he actually unders...

Hernan Cortes and His Tlaxcalan Allies

Hernan Cortes and His Tlaxcalan Allies Conquistador Hernan Cortes and his Spanish troops did not conquer the Aztec Empire on their own. They had allies, with the Tlaxcalans being among the most important. How this alliance developed and how their support was crucial to Cortes success. In 1519, as conquistador Hernan Cortes was making his way inland from the coast on his audacious conquest of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire, he had to pass through the lands of the fiercely independent Tlaxcalans, who were the mortal enemies of the Mexica. At first, the Tlaxcalans fought the conquistadors viciously, but after repeated defeats, they decided to make peace with the Spanish and ally with them against their traditional enemies. The aid provided by the Tlaxcalans would eventually prove crucial for Cortes in his campaign. Tlaxcala and the Aztec Empire in 1519 From 1420 or so to 1519, the mighty Mexica culture had come to dominate most of central Mexico. One by one, the Mexica had conquered and subjugated dozens of neighboring cultures and city-states, turning them into strategic allies or resentful vassals. By 1519, only a few isolated holdouts remained. Chief among them were the fiercely independent Tlaxcalans, whose territory was located to the east of Tenochtitlan. The area controlled by the Tlaxcalans comprised some 200 semi-autonomous villages united by their hatred of the Mexica. The people were from three main ethnic groups: the Pinomes, Otomà ­, and Tlaxcalans, who were descended from warlike Chichimecs who had relocated to the region centuries before. The Aztecs tried repeatedly to conquer and subjugate them  but always failed. Emperor Montezuma II himself had most recently tried to defeat them in 1515. The Tlaxcalans hatred of the Mexica ran very deep. Diplomacy and Skirmish In August of 1519, the Spanish were making their way to Tenochtitlan. They occupied the small town of Zautla and pondered their next move. They had brought with them thousands of Cempoalan allies and porters, led by a nobleman named Mamexi. Mamexi counseled going through Tlaxcala and possibly making allies of them. From Zautla, Cortes sent four Cempoalan envoys to Tlaxcala, offering to talk about a possible alliance, and moved to the town of Ixtaquimaxtitlan. When the envoys did not return, Cortes and his men moved out and entered Tlaxcalan territory anyway. They had not gone far when they came across Tlaxcalan scouts, who retreated and came back with a larger army. The Tlaxcalans attacked but the Spanish drove them off with a concerted cavalry charge, losing two horses in the process. Diplomacy and War Meanwhile, the Tlaxcalans were trying to decide what to do about the Spanish. A Tlaxcalan prince, Xicotencatl the Younger, came up with a clever plan. The Tlaxcalans would supposedly welcome the Spanish  but would send their Otomà ­ allies to attack them. Two of the Cempoalan emissaries were allowed to escape and report to Cortes. For two weeks, the Spanish made little headway. They remained camped out on a hilltop. During the day, the Tlaxcalans and their Otomi allies would attack, only to be driven off by the Spanish. During lulls in the fighting, Cortes and his men would launch punitive attacks and food raids against local towns and villages. Although the Spanish were weakening, the Tlaxcalans were dismayed to see that they were not gaining the upper hand, even with their superior numbers and fierce fighting. Meanwhile, envoys from Mexica Emperor Montezuma showed up, encouraging the Spanish to keep fighting the Tlaxcalans and to not trust anything they said. Peace and Alliance After two weeks of bloody fighting, Tlaxcalan leaders convinced the military and civil leadership of Tlaxcala to sue for peace. Hotheaded Prince Xicotencatl the Younger was sent personally to Cortes to ask for peace and an alliance. After sending messages back and forth for a few days with not only the elders of Tlaxcala but also Emperor Montezuma, Cortes decided to go to Tlaxcala. Cortes and his men entered the city of Tlaxcala on September 18, 1519. Rest and Allies Cortes and his men would remain in Tlaxcala for 20 days. It was a very productive time for Cortes and his men. One important aspect of their extended stay was that they could rest, heal their wounds, tend to their horses and equipment and basically get ready for the next step of their journey. Although the Tlaxcalans had little wealth- they were effectively isolated and blockaded by their Mexica enemies- they shared what little they had. Three hundred Tlaxcalan girls were given to the conquistadors, including some of noble birth for the officers. Pedro de Alvarado was given one of the daughters of Xicotencatl the elder named Tecuelhuatzà ­n, who was later christened Doà ±a Maria Luisa. But the most important thing the Spanish gained in their stay in Tlaxcala was an ally. Even after two weeks of constantly battling the Spanish, the Tlaxcalans still had thousands of warriors, fierce men who were loyal to their elders (and the alliance their elders made) and who despised the Mexica. Cortes secured this alliance by meeting regularly with Xicotencatl the Elder and Maxixcatzin, the two great lords of Tlaxcala, giving them gifts and promising to free them from the hated Mexica. The only sticking point between the two cultures seemed to be Cortes insistence that the Tlaxcalans embrace Christianity, something they were reluctant to do. In the end, Cortes did not make it a condition of their alliance, but he continued to pressure the Tlaxcalans to convert and abandon their previous idolatrous practices. A Crucial Alliance For the next two years, the Tlaxcalans honored their alliance with Cortes. Thousands of fierce Tlaxcalan warriors would fight alongside the conquistadors for the duration of the conquest. The contributions of the Tlaxcalans to the conquest are many, but here are some of the more important ones: In Cholula, the Tlaxcalans warned Cortes of a possible ambush: they participated in the ensuing Cholula Massacre, capturing many Cholulans and bringing them back to Tlaxcala as slaves and sacrifices.When Cortes was forced to return to the Gulf Coast to face conquistador Panfilo de Narvaez and a host of Spanish soldiers sent by governor Diego Velazquez of Cuba to take command of the expedition, Tlaxcalan warriors accompanied him and fought at the Battle of Cempoala.When Pedro de Alvarado ordered the Massacre at the Festival of Toxcatl, Tlaxcalan warriors helped the Spanish and protected them until Cortes could return.During the Night of Sorrows, Tlaxcalan warriors helped the Spanish escape by night from Tenochtitlan.After the Spanish fled Tenochtitlan, they retreated to Tlaxcala to rest and regroup. New Aztec Tlatoani Cuitlhuac sent emissaries to the Tlaxcalans urging them to unite against the Spanish; the Tlaxcalans refused.When the Spanish re-conquered Tenochtitlan in 1521, thousand s of Tlaxcalan soldiers joined them. Legacy of the Spanish-Tlaxcalan Alliance Its not an exaggeration to say that Cortes would not have defeated the Mexica without the Tlaxcalans. Thousands of warriors and a safe base of support only days away from Tenochtitlan proved invaluable to Cortes and his war effort. Eventually, the Tlaxcalans saw that the Spanish were a greater threat than the Mexica (and had been so all along). Xicotencatl the Younger, who had been leery of the Spanish all along, tried to openly break with them in 1521 and was ordered publicly hanged by Cortes; it was a poor repayment to the young Princes father, Xicotencatl the Elder, whose support of Cortes had been so crucial. But by the time the Tlaxcalan leadership began to have second thoughts about their alliance, it was too late: two years of constant warring had left them far too weak to defeat the Spanish, something they had not accomplished even when at their full might in 1519. Ever since the conquest, some Mexicans have considered Tlaxcalans to be traitors who, like Cortes interpreter and mistress Doà ±a Marina (better known as Malinche) aided the Spanish in the destruction of native culture. This stigma persists today, albeit in a weakened form. Were the Tlaxcalans traitors? They fought the Spanish and then, when offered an alliance by these formidable foreign warriors against their traditional enemies, decided that if you cant beat em, join em. Later events proved that perhaps this alliance was a mistake, but the worst thing the Tlaxcalans can be accused of is lack of foresight. References Castillo, Bernal Dà ­az del, Cohen J. M., and Radice B. The Conquest of New Spain. London: Clays Ltd./Penguin; 1963. Levy, Buddy. Conquistador: Hernan Cortes, King Montezuma, and the Last Stand of the Aztecs. New York: Bantam, 2008. Thomas, Hugh. The Real Discovery of America: Mexico November 8, 1519. New York: Touchstone, 1993.

Environmental Issues Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Issues Journal - Essay Example the temperature on earth continues to rise, the water cycle is further driven to evaporation, which allows water to be more available for storm formation but less accessible for some land masses. This increases the risk for flooding in the usual storm-afflicted areas, and the likelihood of drought in locations that get relatively less precipitation. The change in temperature also makes the storm tracks vary, making the weather less predictable. More importantly for humans, increasing temperature will lead to heat-related health incidents, air-quality respiratory illnesses, and low crop yields (Environment Protection Agency). The naturally-occurring gases contribute to climate change because the mechanisms that regulate their amounts in the atmosphere become less efficient. Although the temperature in earth started increasing since the 1800, the most rapid increase has been observed in the recent decades, most possibly due to human activity (Environmental Protection Agency). In the case of carbon dioxide, it is regulated by the carbon cycle. However, its increasing level in the atmosphere is partly attributed to industrialization that started 150 years ago, which emit the gas by burning fossil fuels to power the machineries. Currently, electricity generation and transportation add into the carbon dioxide emission. Methane from landfills, coal mines, oil and gas operations, and agriculture also add to the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As well, the continuing deforestation depletes the plant population that absorbs carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (National Energy Information Center, 2004). Unfortunately, we cannot prevent the earth from heating up. This is because many greenhouse gases take a long time to be degraded, and the cycling of the heat from the ocean to the atmosphere is relatively slow. What we can do is to slow it down. When the problem of increasing levels of greenhouse gas continues, the rate at which temperature of the Earth’s surface rise

Business Plan Proposal for Devoted Medics Research

Business Plan for Devoted Medics - Research Proposal Example From this discussion it is clear that the numbers indicate a growing customer base, the volume of these calls has seriously strained the clinic due to shortage of staff members at the call center. However, the clinic cannot afford to hire additional staff, thus the only option is to improve efficiency and customer satisfaction by using modern technologies and encouraging teamwork among the clinic’s staff members.This study outlines that as a privately-owned clinic, Devoted Medics is led by a management team comprised of one physician, a nurse and a technical manager. The technical manager is in charge of the call center, where two assistants take customer requests. Currently, the call center still operates on a switchboard operator where the assistants pick the calls and ask the caller whether they are calling about an earlier issue or they are following up on an earlier issue. The assistants then forwards the call to a customer care representative who addresses the callers ne eds.  This process is very cumbersome, considering the number of calls that have to be forwarded as compared to the call center workforce. Accordingly, this calls for a more modern contact center that does not put so much pressure on the workforce, but rather encourages teamwork.  The primary goal of Devoted Medics and any other clinic for that matter is to deliver quality and coordinated health care to patients.

Internet banking Essay Example for Free

Internet banking Essay Internet is rapidly turning out to be a tool of world wide communication. The increasing use of Internet earlier promoted producers and entrepreneurs to sell their products online. It has also become an important source of information and knowledge. Due to this, many banking and finance organizations have come up with the idea of Internet banking or online banking. What is Internet Banking Internet banking can be defined as a facility provided by banking and financial institutions, that enable the user to execute bank related transactions through Internet. The biggest advantage of Internet banking is that people can expend the services sitting at home, to transact business. Due to which, the account holder does not have to personally visit the bank. With the help of Internet banking many transactions can be executed by the account holder. When small transactions like balance inquiry, record of recent transaction, etc. are to be processed, the Internet banking facility proves to be very handy. The concept of Internet banking has thus become a revolution in the field of banking and finance. Brief History of Internet Banking The concept of Internet banking has been simultaneously evolving with the development of the world wide web. Programmers working on banking data bases came up with ideas for online banking transactions, some time during the 1980s. The creative process of development of these services were probably sparked off after many companies started the concept of online shopping. The online shopping promoted the use of credit cards through Internet. Many banking organizations had already started creating data ware housing facilities to ease their working staffs. The development of these databases were widely used during the development of ATMs. Sometime in 1980s, banking and finance organizations in Europe and United States started suggestive researches and programming experiments on the concept of home banking. Initially in the 80s when computers and Internet were not so well-developed, home banking basically made use of fax machines and telephones to facilitate their customers. The widespread of Internet and programming facilities created further opportunities for development of home banking. In 1983, the Nottingham Building Society, commonly abbreviated and referred to as the NBS, launched the first Internet banking service in United Kingdom. This service formed the basis for most of the Internet banking facilities that followed. This facility was not very well-developed and restricted the number of transactions and functions that account holders could execute. The facility introduced by Nottingham Building Society is said to have been derived from a system known as Prestel, that is deployed by the postal service department of United Kingdom. The first online banking service in United States was introduced, in October 1994. The service was developed by Stanford Federal Credit Union, which is a financial institution. The online banking services are becoming more and more prevalent due to the well-developed systems. Though there are pros and cons of electronic cash, it has become a revolution that is enhancing the banking sector. Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/history-of-internet-banking.html

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Essay -- Literary Analysis, Gabriel

Criticism through Characters: â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† is a fascinating narration that can be appreciated as a captivating tale for children as well as an intriguing fiction for the adult reader. This children tale develops in a mixture of fantasy and realism scenario, which characterizes the style of the author of this story, Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Norton 428). The narrative is about the appearance of an old man, with the physiognomy of an angel that appears in the backyard of Pelayo and Elisenda, a poor couple, from a town near a coast. Despite the appearances, the fundamental aspect of this tale is not the supernatural look of this old man, but the community attitudes toward the unknown. This can be observed as the news of the arrival of a "flesh-and-blood angel" is rapidly spread among the neighbors of Pelayo and Elisenda, and the comments and judgments are not slow to appear (Marquez 270). While the villagers consider him a true angel, the pastor distrusts his celestial nature, sin ce the creature does not speak â€Å"the language of God† (270). Therefore, in this tale Marquez use the characters of this story as a way to criticize the way people think without looking beyond what they are facing. The old man, or angel, anti-hero role serves to shape the ideas behind the central theme of this tale. Besides his strange arrival in the story, the reader is only able to know more about the old man outlook than his personality. The first concise description of the main character is found in the story title, it does not speak of an angel, but "a very old man" (269). The only thing that allows to recognize this mystic creature as an angel is his "enormous wings," because without it i... ...rding to the wisdom of the wise neighbor woman was the food prescribed for angels (270). This ignorance in which they fell was later the subject of disappointment, as they believed that the angel would meet their requests that did not happen. "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings" is a social critic on the mindset of people about different ideas. It is also a story that causes extensive discussion about the symbolism, which allows many interpretations, but the main message as social critique is presented by Mà ¡rquez is mainly through the characters attitudes and actions. The angel then, serves as a representative of the unknown world and the treatment of his hosts and onlookers shows their way of not accepting the unknown. In other words, the angel’s role in the story is to reflect the limits of human reasoning about things different from everyday life.

Topshop SWOT Analysis

Topshop is a fashion store that has around 300 stores in the UK, and over 100 in international places. It was launched in 1964, and Topshop has become one of fashion’s largest success stories. They have captured the most fashionable styles every seasons, its bold and saucy approach to style has attracted fashion-conscious shoppers and industry insiders alike. Topshop’s triumph has been impressive, despite its humble start. Topshop started in the basement of Peter Robinson department store in 1964 and a few years later became an independent retailer. In 1994, the brand took over the entire 90,000 sq ft space at London Oxford Circus, when the iconic Topshop flagship was launched. It is still there today, and is said to be the world’s biggest fashion store on the high street, captivating over 200,000 shoppers each week. As an early pioneer of high street and designer collaborations, Topshop’s partnerships with brands such as Cella Birtwell and Kate Moss, who is the history’s most iconic fashion names, and they have further secured the brand’s reputation as a fashion leader. Topshop’s strength. Topshop’s strength is to access to target market with over 300 stores nationwide, and they are doing online shopping and shipping to over 100 countries now. Topshop also have a wide variety of merchandise, with thousands of looks per season, their looks per season comes along with creative design concepts and fresh ideas every year, these strongly says that the trend awareness of Topshop is very high. Topshop is also said to be the largest fashion store in UK, offering free personal style consultants, competing with the high-end department stores. They are in collaborations with designers and celebrities like Kate Moss and Cella Birtwell. Lastly, Topshop is part of arcadia, which is a group managing several successful brands. (177) Topshop’s weakness The weakness of Topshop is that few of the garments quality is not matching with the price, and that they have too many products and the staffs are not well educated enough about the merchandise, for example the material of the apparels. Most of the merchandise are made suited for only the younger demographic and few of the ad campaigns are not eye catching enough. The company is said to be global, however it has a presence only in few countries worldwide. Topshop’s opportunities Topshop’s opportunities are that they have the potential for further globalization of the brand and more than 60 cities with a potential for a Topshop has been identified. Topshop also have th potential to franchise brand and develop new products and services like more trained staff. Topshop also have the opportunities to become the largest fashion store in other cities than London. Topshop’s threats Topshop’s biggest threat is the constant new entries and competitors in their home market. There might be possible recession and people are less likely to spend money on trendy items Topshop have in store, given the current weaknesses of currency, Topshop is not the bargain it used to be. With constant new entrant, there will be price wars with their competitors. Topshop being a global retailer means that they are exposed to political problems in the countries that they operate in. With Topshop’s success, there is a potential for a brand that will copy the style that Topshop has for the past few years of trends. (377)

Quality of Care in Health Care Settings Essay

Questions Answered: What is the problems with quality care today? Why is quality of care lacking in areas? Quality of care plays an important role in assuring the standards of nursing performance. By providing specific performance requirements, standards of nursing performance can improve and provide quality of nursing care in health care settings (Scope & Standards, pg 33). Quality care is one of the most significant nursing standards of modern time. This particular standard must be implemented by nurse’s everyday. One of the main concerns in nursing practice today, is quality of care in the health care setting (iom.edu). Recent reports from the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the Institute of Medicine’s Quality Initiative (IMQI) brought immediate attention to the public on the collapse of quality of care. The reports focused on the need to recognize, develop, evaluate, and ensure the quality of health care in the United States (nursing world.org). Both the ANA and IMQI represent a systematic effort to advance health care quality and patient safety concerns. Many other institutions have felt the need for further disciplinary actions to improve quality of care in healthcare settings. Organizations such as the American Heart Association and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality have also recommended that the healthcare system launch a systemic proposal to increase the quality of care. The American Heart Association has made the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group (QCOR IWG) to provide quality care to heart patients (americanheart.org). The QCOR IWG is a multidisciplinary group committed to making a significant contribution to improving patient outcomes and healthcare quality. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality developed a National Healthcare Quality Report to facilitate the needs of patients around the United States. By doing so, they are raising awareness to healthcare institutions for the improvement of quality of care (ahrq.gov). Private groups such as the National Quality Forum (NQF), Leapfrog group, and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)  made recommendations and efforts to ensure healthcare quality. All of the organizations are trying to make an attempt to lower client dissatisfaction, identify specific quality indicators, and increase the quality of care in every health care institution in the United States (ahrq.gov). A 2004 study, done by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, concluded that 45.1 percent of people were not receiving the care they needed (ahrg.gov). Healthcare systems are now aiming at quality improvement, education, and implementation of quality care (ahrq.gov). The ANA gives reasons for the lack of quality care in institutions today. One of these reasons is the lack of professional care. The registered nurse (RN) has one of the lowest censuses of the healthcare professionals and highest in demand. RN’s are now faced with an enormous amount of patients, little time to care for their individual needs, and long strenuous work hours. Longer hours from the nursing shortage lead to RN burn-out. This burn-out creates decreased quality of care, medications errors, and an increase of patient safety risks (nursingworld.org). A nurse, D. Thomas, from the local Nursing Home discussed her time of burn-out. She states,One day, I had thirty patients to care for all by myself. I had two nursing aides that did everything except medications. The whole day I passed out dozens of meds. They didn’t have anyone for the next shift and my manager asked if I could work some over time. I worked sixteen hours that day. I made three medication errors and two patients had new pressure ulcers, but there was no one else to care for these individuals. The bad thing was, I didn’t even care for them, I just handed them their meds. The aides did all of the work because I was so pressured for time. That’s the way it is now, more nursing aides and less nurses. No one wants a nurse’s job because it is not what it seems (D. Thomas, personal interview, October 31, 2007). Some healthcare facilities have instituted more unlicensed personnel to take place of the professional nurse. This is thought to be a way of quickly saving money for the institution. Staff substitutions have become major  issues for patients today. In 1996, the ANA conducted a survey examining the concern of the quality of care in health systems. Out of all the adult clients polled, three-fourths indicated a serious concern that good quality of care is harder and harder to find. Thy also concluded that substitutions can be a â€Å"quick fix† to save money, but in the long run, they will minimize the quality of care for the patient (nursingworld.org). Another major issue that limits quality of care is insurers. Insurers are tearing down refund rates and decreasing the number of services covered (Scope & Standards, pg 18). I found this statement to be true when I interviewed a patient, C. Erlain, who is a Blue Cross Blue Shield health plan member. He states,My insurance does not cover all of my procedures and tests. I am mad because I pay a lot of money each month to have good coverage and I don’t get the care that I need. One time I was at the doctors and he said that he could only spend fifteen minutes with me because my insurance does not allow me to go over that amount of time. I was so frustrated. How would I get the care I needed? Even if I got another plan, they would also have restrictions, so I don’t get the care that I want or need. If I could say anything to those insurance people, it would be why am I paying for something that doesn’t care about my health? Those people only care about the money, not the people. It’s unfortunate (C. Erlain, personal interview, November 2, 2007). From my own experience in home healthcare, I was only allowed a limited amount of time to spend with the patient depending on their insurance. It was either fifteen minutes, thirty minutes, or one hour. Sadly, this was no always the best scenario for the patient. Although the patient was getting care, it wasn’t the care that they would have liked. One patient said to me, â€Å"Do you have to go already?† I was so busy that I could not stay and I knew no one could cover for me, so I left. It saddened me to feel that I hadn’t done my job to its full capacity. I had too many patients and too little time. An insurer made my patient visits more of a â€Å"hello† and â€Å"goodbye.†Americans are limited when it comes to healthcare benefits and insurers are escalating insurance premiums (Scope & Standards, pg 18). The estimation of uninsured individuals in the U.S. reached forty-five million  in 2002 according to the American Hospital Association. Forty-five million Americans will not even have the opportunity to receive any healthcare, let alone have quality healthcare (aha.org). To expand the seriousness of the recommendation for quality of care, quality initiatives are going to large and small institutions to implement these suggestions. The government had made the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to bring about issues in the quality of care in healthcare settings (ahrq.gov). Implementing this task force helps to improve the quality of healthcare. It also better insures the health client that they will be provided with adequate care for their healthcare needs. Improving quality of care is a team effort. The government bureau, healthcare agencies, and many other organizations are working vigorously to take an active role to enhancing the quality of care in healthcare settings. By doing so, this team effort will reach its goal to help patients to receive the quality of care they deserve. Reference List Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2007). Guide to Healthcare Quality. Retrieved October 29, 2007, from http://www.ahrq.gov/American Heart Association. (2007). Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Retrieved October 29, 2007, from http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3016540/American Hospital Association. (2002). Medical Liability: A Looming Crisis? Part I& II. Retrieved November 2, 2007 from http://www.aha.org/aha/research-and-trends/AHA-policy-research/2003-or-earlier.htmlAmerican Nurses Association. (2007). ANA’s Safety and Quality Initiative. Retrieved October 28, 2007, from http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursing/PatientSafetyQuality/NDNQI/Research/QIforAcuteCareSettings.aspxAmerican Nurses Association. (2004). Scope and Standards of Practice. Silver Spring, MD: ANA. Institute of Medicine’s Quality Initiative. (2007). Health Care and Quality. Retrieved November 2, 2007 from http://www.iom.edu/CMS/3718.aspx

How to Create Amazing Content Upgrades for Your Blog - CoSchedule

How to Create Amazing Content Upgrades for Your Blog If you know anything about online marketing, you are aware of the power of email. After all, email has a 3800% ROI. Yes, email is that  powerful. But in order to use email to grow your business, you first need to have an email list. And to get one, you need to acquire subscribers. There are many tactics you can use to get more subscribers for your email list, but theres one that has been the darling of the online marketing world for the past few years. Im talking about content upgrades. If you dont know what they are, I will explain you everything you need to know about them. Lets get started. How to Create Amazing Content Upgrades for Your BlogWhat Content Upgrades Really Are A content upgrade is any kind of extra content that your blog's visitors can get access to in exchange for their email address. In a way, they resemble to lead magnets, in the sense you send them something for their email address. But what sets them apart is what makes content upgrades so effective. First of all, a content upgrade needs to be relevant  to the content piece that visitors are already consuming. Then, they need to add extra value  to the reader for free. Content upgrades need to add extra value to the readerFor example, the content upgrade you can find at the bottom of this article, a checklist with everything you will have learned, was made just for this article. On the contrary, if I had created a highly detailed and actionable yet unrelated lead magnet, it wouldn't have the same impact on you. You may not be as enticed to download it compared to the lead magnet because it may not be relevant to you. The key of a content upgrade, however, isn't just to let a visitor download something related to an article. In the case of this article, I could have offered you a resource list with related articles to this one. That could work because it's related to this article. But would it add extra value to you? Probably not. I could easily link to those articles and that would be it. What matters the most, and what makes people want to download content upgrades so much, is that they add a lot of extra value to the article, and most importantly, to the reader. Content upgrades are so hot right because for one reason: they work. Let me show you some examples of famous people that have used content upgrades to grow their businesses: Brian Dean from Backlinko  increased his conversion rate from 0.54%. to 4.82%. Clay Collins, co-founder of LeadPages, said that content upgrades  were the number one factor  in growing their email list. James Scherrer from Wishpond, found content upgrades convert  their visitors 575% better  compared to the articles that don't feature one. One company that uses content upgrades, not surprisingly, is , the company that hosts this same blog. I can't speak for their results, but I can imagine given the amazing job they are doing with their content marketing and promotion, and the relevancy of their offers, they must be doing great. For example, in one of their most recent articles, as soon as you start scrolling down they offer you a "template bundle" with information that is related and expands the idea of the article. I don't know about you, but downloading a bundle of templates sounds really good. This is how uses content upgrades, and they do it great. Now you know what they are and well they work, I will show you how you can create one to start getting these same results. Recommended Reading: 113 Content Types to Organize With Your Marketing Calendar How to Create Content Upgrades for Your Blog Step #1: Define the Problem Your Content Is Solving As you already know by now, content upgrades have to be relevant to your visitors' problems. As a consequence, before you create your content upgrades, you need to make sure you know what these problems are. You may think  you know, but you need to be 100% sure to be able to improve your conversion rate and make your visitors happy. In order to find your visitors' problems, you need to ask yourself a few questions that will help you dig deeper on the problem at hand: What is the content piece about? What is the audience? What problem is your content trying to solve? What are you trying to teach them? What can you  teach them? Let's take this article as an example. The answer to each question in the order they were asked would be: This article is about what content upgrades are and how to use them to get more email subscribers. The audience is made up of bloggers, content marketers, and marketing managers that are trying to grow their email list. Your problem is you want to grow your email but you can't or don't know. You may also want to grow it faster than you currently are. I'm trying to teach you how to grow your email list with a technique called content upgrades. I can teach you why they are so powerful because I have case studies to show, and also how to implement them because I have done it many times in the past. As you can see, all these questions put in evidence the problem this article is solving. This gives me a good idea of what you are trying to accomplish by reading this article, and how I can help you solving it. But most importantly, it gives me a better idea of how I can deliver extra value through the content upgrade. Creating content upgrades? Ask, "How can I deliver extra value?Step #2: Develop the Content Piece In this step, you only need to do what you normally would: you create your content. Since you already know the problem you are trying to solve, you only need to deliver that solution within your content piece. In the case of this article, it took me over 2k words to deliver all the value I could to help you solve your problem: growing your email list. Now, it's time to see how we can expand this value through the content upgrade. Step #3: Expand the Value You may know what problems your audience have, and you have already created the solution to that problem in the form of an article. Now it's time to expand on its value. First of all, remember there's a finite amount of problems you can solve for your audience, mainly because your audience is (and should be) finite as well. If you have ever created buyer personas for your blog, you know you need to target your content  towards a small group of people with a clear set of problems. With that said, you need to ask yourself, how will overdeliver  on your value? Just giving them a PDF without adding anything extra won't make much of a difference on your visitors' life. Always focus on adding more value, so it's a no-brainer for your visitors to download your content upgrade. The easiest way to expand on the value of your content piece is by taking the biggest lessons and insights, and make them better. There are plenty of ways you can do that: Expand on the insight Make it more actionable Make it easier to understand Show a step-by-step process of how you can implement it Show pictures of how it's done Show videos of how it's done Provide templates Provide transcriptions Provide a mind map with all the insights or concepts Create a graphic explaining them These ideas will help you provide the additional value your visitors are looking for, and what will make them want to download your content upgrade. Recommended Reading: The 6 Types of Social Media Content That Will Give You the Greatest Value Step #4: Define the Type of Content Upgrade Before we move on to the creation of the content upgrade, which is the one that most people focus on first, you need to define what kind of content upgrade you will create. Here's the thing, there are many types of content upgrades you can use. There's no right or wrong content upgrade per se, as it depends on your content piece, your style, and the value you are giving away. The most common ones are: Article in PDF Audio version Cheat sheet Checklist Resource list Templates Transcription Video Worksheets My favorite one is the checklist, as it takes a whole article, and condenses its value in a few pages. Not only that, but they are also action-focused. I've personally found they work better than the other ones as well. Still, you should try a few types and see which one works better for you. If you are still wondering what these different types of content upgrades look like, here there are some examples that will hopefully inspire you: Optin Monster Type: Cheat Sheat Article: 700+ Power Words That Will Boost Your Conversions Value: Get the each of the 700 words in one simple list, organized by type. Backlinko Type: Checklist Article: SEO Strategy Case Study (#1 Ranking 963% More Traffic) Value: Take a step-by-step look of the specific actions you need to implement to get more inbound links with guesto-graphics. Video Fruit Type: Video training Article: Expanded Guest Post: How to 100x the effectiveness of your next guest post Value: See a video screencast with Bryan Harris implementing the steps mentioned in the article to expand the value of the guest posts. Nerd Marketing Type: Audio transcription Article: Podcast 27: A â€Å"One-Two Punch† Email Campaign to Increase Order Frequency Value: If you can't listen to the podcast, or prefer to read and not listen (like I do), read a word-by-word transcription of the email campaign Drew Sanocki uses to increase order frequency. LeadPages Type: Worksheet Article: The Unique Content Process: How To Write What No One Has Ever Written Value: Find the most important insights of the unique content process explained in the article without having to sift back through the post later. Recommended Reading: How to Generate and Nurture Leads With Brittany Berger from Mention Step #5: Create Content Upgrade Now that you have everything in place, it's time to (finally!) create your content upgrade. Here's when you want to take some time to make sure you make your content upgrade as awesome as possible. After all, if you are giving away a lot of extra value, you can't do it while you are multitasking or in between calls. When creating your content upgrade, there are a few different roads you can take, from the best and most expensive to the cheapest (and probably worst quality). Hire a Designer This is probably the best way to go. Unless you are a designer yourself, you don't have the skills nor time to create a good-looking content upgrade. However, if you are going to hire a designer, make sure to get a good one. Remember that you always get what you pay for. If you have a designer in-house, then this is a no-brainer for you. But if you don't, it may end up being a bit expensive for you. Still, it may be worth the investment. If you are going to hire a designer, make sure to get a good one.Two companies that may help you create and design a high-quality content upgrade are Design Pickle  and Pug Shop Design. They offer design services for a flat free and at a good price. Use Beacon One tool that was created just to create content upgrades and lead magnets is called Beacon. It's probably one of the best-hidden marketing tools out there, so I highly recommend you take a look at it. It's a bit buggy, but it does its job at a good price. It has everything you need for any kind of content upgrade you want to create. They let you import your content, pick a template, customize it, and once you have it finished, you only need to click "Save" and "Export PDF" and you are done. If you end up downloading my content upgrade at the bottom of the article, you will see how their content upgrades look like. Use Canva Canva  is like Photoshop for amateurs (like me). You can make some pretty neat designs, and if you are creative enough, you may end up with a cool simple design. This is best for small checklists and the like, not for long or complex ones. Do It Yourself You can always fall into the common DIY trend and try to do something with Word, Pages, iBooks Author or Photoshop. Depending on your skills, this may be a good idea or not. If you are like me, it's probably not. I used iBooks Authorfor a while, and it worked pretty well. But they didn't look very professional, so I stopped using it once I started with Beacon. You can still use these tools for simple resource lists and PDF versions, not for checklists and worksheets, or any other more complex kind of content upgrade. Recommended Reading: How to Create an E-Book and Publish it on Amazon KDP Step #6: Create Landing Page If you remember what I said in the beginning, you give out content upgrades in exchange for someone else's email. But where do you make this exchange? It's not that your visitors will send you a postcard with their email address so you can add them to your list in 3 to 5 business days. That's a bit old-fashioned, don't you think? You need to do it in a convenient and seamless way. That's what landing pages are for. You create a page just for people to visit, put their email information, and download the content upgrade. My favorite tool to do this is by far LeadPages. You only need to pick a template, put the copy where it belongs, add your content upgrade, create a simple autoresponder email sequence, and publish it. This is how you do it: First, open an account with them. They don't have a free trial, rather they offer a 30-day money back guarantee. Either way, I highly recommend you spend the money on their tool, as it's one of the best and most fundamental pieces of any online marketing campaign. Once you have opened your account, you will be taken to My Page, which is kind of a dashboard for your account. Before creating the LeadPage, we need to add the content upgrade. To do that, click on your username on the right, and click "Lead Magnets". Click on "Create New Lead Magnet" button on the right. Then, give your lead magnet a name, upload it, choose a sender email and name. Finally, add a simple message that the recipients of the email will see when they get the content upgrade on their email account. Don't overcomplicate this, because you can change it later. Once you are done with this, go back to the LeadPages page and click on the "Create New Page" button. Then, pick any of the dozens of free templates they show you. Filter by "Opt In" and sort by "Highest Converting". Pick one of the first ones you see. For the sake of this example, I will use this article to create the landing page. As you can see below, I simply added the name of this article in the landing page's title, and nothing else. Before clicking the "Publish" button, we need to integrate the content upgrade. To do so, click the CTA button and then the little link icon that shows up below it. Then, click the "View/Edit" button as you can see below. Then, click once again the big CTA button, and when the "Edit Your Form" sidebar shows up to your left, click the "Follow-up" tab. In there, below the "Add a File", choose the content upgrade you previously uploaded. Then, click "Save Close Form". Then I clicked "Publish". Just remember people are already sold to your content upgrade, so you don't have to overcomplicate this. Look at my landing page below and you will see. It's uber-minimalistic. Just the name of the article, the download button, and nothing more. Just remember people are already sold to your content upgrade, so you don't have to overcomplicate this. Look at my landing page below and you will see. It's uber-minimalistic. Just the name of the article, the download button, and nothing more. Step #7: Promote Within Your Post Now it's time to put the content upgrade where it belongs: in your articles. You need to make sure people know there's something valuable waiting for them. Otherwise, they will most likely ignore it when they see it. You have a few options to do so. Create a Knowledge Gap This is something I learned from Bryan Harris. He recommends opening what he calls a "knowledge gap", like the one you found at the intro of this article, and then close it at the end, as you can see below. This creates a "gap" in the mind of your visitors that makes them want to scroll down and see what's the article about, and how they can get that extra value. Add Banners and Slide-Ins Another way is to add a static banner or a slide-in within your article so people "bump" into it as they read. This is what usually does, as I showed you before. Put It at the End (and Hope for the Best) This is what many people (or most?) do. They just put the content upgrade at the end with just a link, and hope people will find it. Apparently, these people think since they already took the time to create the content, they don't have the time to actually promote it correctly. Don't make this mistake. Make sure everyone finds and click on the link that leads to the content upgrade. Using the awesome Pareto Principle, 80% of your results will come from 20% of your time. This is your 20%, so make sure you use it right. Promote your content upgrade. Grow your list.

Bullets in Victims Head Hate Crime or Parking Space

Bullets in Victims Head Hate Crime or Parking Space A Look into the Rational Choice Theory of Criminality Killing someone over a parking space is as absurd as receiving a death penalty for a stealing a bag of peanuts. Similarly, something is terribly wrong when experienced police officers with criminology background, succumbed to its potential as a motive for killing not one but three college students. This is because it is quite evident that the two victims were helpless female. The suspect, a college student who lived next door, describing himself as â€Å"Anti-theist†, deliberately shot them all in the head. These are clear evidence of motive but surprisingly ignored. It is irrational because the motive is contradictory to the fact that the duty to kill or not to kill is grounded on human morality, a norm of righteousness on which the evil of taking someone’s life is deeply ingrained. In other words, people by nature avoid wicked acts and unlikely to see any duty to end someone’s life for worthless things like a car parking space. Academic literature of human behavior suggests that there is an inherent, immeasurable and undiminished moral value attached to human life. In other words, human lives are priceless, equal in value and deserving of respect. Everyone, therefore, should honor the sanctity of human life regardless of race, religion, economic condition, and so on. This simple powerful moral truth about the value of life that most of  us accept and embed in our conscience is actually moral reason preventing us from hurting or killing anyone. It should be All Lives Matter rather than #MuslimLivesMatter. Also, you may read: Criminalize Cigarette Smoking   The Killing of Three Muslim-American College Students College Students   Most Criminals Plan and Make Rational Choices Considering the punishment and life implications of killing someone, it is very likely that a person who deliberately killed someone has an excellent and adequate reason. There is an indefinite variety of reason for people to kill other people but not all of them are justifiable. For example, a man who murdered his friend and later tells the court â€Å"My reason for killing him was that he broke my DVD player† is senseless and definitely not acceptable. If his reason was â€Å"He said to that my mother was a whore†, then perhaps for many, such reason is sufficient to kill someone. The problem, however, is that we are not living in a world in which aggression is an acceptable response to negative emotive language. In criminology, a rational person planning to commit a petty crime such as shoplifting, initially weigh the cost (arrest, imprisonment, shame, loss of job, etc.) and benefit (money, property, thrill, respect of peers, etc.) of the crime. Now, if the benefit is greater than the cost then a crime will be committed. Murder or killing someone is a different story, as violence does not necessary involves outrage, mental illness, or economic desperation. Murder for instance often involves planning, preparation, and making a rational choice. In real life, criminals are rational killers and far from those who randomly victimizing innocent people in movies. They normally carry and use their guns for more rational reasons such as self-protection, dangerous illegal activities, and so on. In fact, even in senseless killings, criminals have conscious motives such as revenge and they pick their targets with care. Although some killings are the result of anger and aggression, most offenders plan and make rational choices such as getting rid of witnesses, to avoid retaliation, and others. Clearly, killing three students by putting a bullet in their heads, women with Islamic headscarves, and executed by an Anti-theist, is beyond parking space dispute but rational motives.

The Eight and the Ashcan School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The Eight and the Ashcan School - Essay Example It is not only that commercial and residential boundaries of New York changed but perceptions and public views were undergoing rapid changes. It was a favorable milieu for the formation of popular culture. New York was growing in size, its population was diversifying. Many ethnic groups mixed together contributing to creation of new forms of artist expression, reflecting changing social relationships. The early 20th century witnessed a radical change in American painting. This was not a change in attitude toward painting but in attitude toward life. It was a journalist's revolution originating from Philadelphia. New York City with financial growth explosion, office work for women and the sweatshops for immigrants – all these conditions brought young newspaper illustrators to develop their careers as fine artists in New York getting away from the conservative, static art establishment of Philadelphia. The rapidly changing scenes of New York as it is were captured by artists who are better known as "the Eight": Robert Henri, Arthur B. Davies, Maurice Prendergast, Ernest Lawson, William Glackens, Everett Shinn, John Sloan, and George Luks. â€Å"These artists framed a contemporary realism that explored the drama, humor and exoticism of life in the turbulent metropolis.† â€Å"The Ashcan school† which united "the Eight" and a number of other artists took roots in Philadelphia under the leadership of Henri. In Philadelphia, Henri's rebellious nature made him "a catalyst, an enthusiast ...".

Economic Efficiency of Green Buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Economic Efficiency of Green Buildings - Essay Example We can get information about the environmental performance of CASBEE certified buildings by accessing their certification reports. Also, the cash flow information about some CASBEE buildings, which are owned by real estate investment trusts, is available in their respective financial reports. An analysis to segregate conventional and green buildings was first conducted on all properties held by the Japanese Real Estate Investment Trusts (J-REITs). The data for properties were collected based on the latest financial reports as of March 2011. It was found that out of total 1822 properties held by 35 REITs, 23 are CASBEE certified buildings (Table 1). For further analysis then, the 1799 in-CASBEE certified building was considered as conventional, the 23 CASBEE certified buildings were considered as â€Å"green buildings â€Å" for the purposes of this analysis. To determine economic performance, one can use the capitalization rate, calculated by dividing the net operating income by the appraisal value. The capitalization rate is the rate of return on investment, which is commonly used by investors to determine profitability. The first analysis was conducted in order to determine if there is a dissimilarity of capitalization rate between CASBEE certified buildings (green buildings) and non-certified buildings (conventional buildings). Table 2 represents basic statistical information such as sample size, mean, standard deviations, and standard error mean for both the dataset. The test statistic of the test of the difference between two population means depends on whether or not this hypothesis is rejected. Since this output, the result shows that p-value 0.052 > significance level 0.05, this hypothesis cannot be rejected. Therefore, we can conclude that the populations have equal variances. â€Å"Hypothesis Ho: the population means of the two groups are equal†.  Ã‚  

Latest Monitoring Tools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Latest Monitoring Tools - Research Paper Example However, the research indicated that the company’s rate of sales have not been majorly influenced by these social media sites owing to the fact that only 12% of its sales are influenced by comments on twitter, facebook and google+. This is an indication that clients spend more time of social media but, less time is spent on the company’s blogs or even its web page (http://socialmediatoday.com n.d). In order to improve the company’s sales through proper prediction of customers’ behavior in social media sites, the company can employ the use of Hootsuite: This tool assists company’s undertake their campaigns on social media regarding their brands (https://hootsuite.com n.d). It will also allow the company to measure the efficacy of social media on their sales hence assist in formulating solutions on predicted or potential challenges. This tool is easy to manage and above all its relatively cheaper as compared to other tools. 101 Vital Social Media and Digital Marketing Statistics. (n.d.). RSS. Retrieved February 11, 2014, from

Estimation of Importance of Web Pages for Web Crawlers

Estimation of Importance of Web Pages for Web Crawlers

Restoring Europe :: essays research papers

After Austria was crushed by Napoleon in 1809, Metternich was created Austria's Foreign Minister, and replaced Johann Philipp von Stadion. He pursued a pro-French policy, going so far as to manage the marriage of Napoleon to Marie-Louise, Emperor Francis’s daughter. Following Napoleon's defeat in Russia in 1812, Metternich turned to a policy of neutrality, and attempted to make peace between Napoleon and his Russian and Prussian enemies. In June 1813 he famously met with Napoleon at Dresden , and by his own account came away telling the intolerant Emperor that he was lost. Soon after, mediation having failed, Metternich brought Austria into the war against France. As the war came towards its conclusion in the spring of 1814, Metternich quickly came to the conclusion that no peace with Napoleon was possible, and abandoning ideas of a Bonapartist regency under Marie Louise, came to support a Bourbon restoration, which brought him closer to Castlereagh, the British Foreign Secretary. Metternich was one of the principal negotiators at the Congress of Vienna. During this period, Metternich came to have a bitter personal hate with Tsar Alexander I of Russia, whose Polish plans Metternich deeply feared, and who competed with the womanizing Metternich for the affections of the beautiful Wilhelmina von Sagan. Metternich's attempts to form a united front with Viscount Castlereagh and Hardenberg, the Prussian chancellor, to oppose Alexander's plans for a constitutional Kingdom of Poland under his own rule, came to nothing due to Prussia's unwillingness to stand up to Alexander. Metternich then shocked the Prussians by signing an alliance with Castlereagh and Tallyrand, the French ambassador, on January 3, 1815, to prevent Prussian takeover of Saxony, which was to be Prussia's payment for giving up Polish land to Alexander. While this was successful in saving the King of Saxony, Alexander managed to get most of what he wanted in Poland. At the same time, Metternich worked hard in negotiations with Prussia, Hanover, Bavaria, and Wurttemberg to resolve the organization of Germany, and the Germanic Confederation that resulted bore much of the stamp of Metternich's ideas. Metternich's most notable achievement in the years that followed the Congress was his conversion of the Tsar, who had seen himself as a protector of liberalism, to the protection of the old order, which culminated by the Tsar's decision at the Congress of Troppau in 1820, when the Tsar agreed to Metternich's termination of a Neapolitan rebellion and refused to aid Greek rebels against the Ottoman Empire.

To What Extent Did the Bolsheviks Succeed in the October Revolution and the Civil War Due to Weakness in Opposition?

â€Å"To what extent did the Bolsheviks succeed in the October Revolution and the Civil War due to weakness in opposition? † The Bolsheviks were not a majority party in Russia, and it is therefore quite an achievement that they not only managed to gain power, but that they held on to it. On paper, you would not have thought the Bolsheviks would have been able to seize power or maintain it if faced with any substantial opposition, so does this mean that their success was dependant on the weakness of their opponents? The military support the Bolsheviks had in the October Revolution was not at all substantial. It took a mere 500 Bolshevik troops to storm the Winter Palace and overthrow the Provisional Government. It would seem that, despite the achievement the Bolsheviks has gained by creating any form of military help, the weakness of the Provisional governments own military protection was the reason why the Bolsheviks had such an easy time taking power. The Provisional Government's resistance was almost non-existent in terms of military, only a few Red Guard soldiers were wounded, most of which may have been from accidental friendly fire, and all of the Provisional Government's forces had completely deserted. In that sense, the success of their military assault on the Provisional Government was almost entirely dependant on that the Bolsheviks did not have to face any form of opposition with similar troops numbers. Even the famed ex-Menshevik turned Bolshevik Leon Trotsky admitted that 500 good men could have defeated the Bolshevik's force, but also asked the rhetorical question of where the Provisional Government was to get 500 good men. However, the Civil War was quite different in terms of military conflict. The Bolshevik's were not facing armies who put up virtually no resistance. The casualties for both the Red's and the White's were high, around 1. 2 million for the Reds and 1. 5 million for the Whites. The Bolshevik's also faced 2. 4 million white troops in opposition, an infinitely larger force than that which had been protecting the Provisional Government. The Bolshevik's however, had increased their own military size to an impressive 3 million. This was done through conscription, and the result was an extremely large army, made up mostly of peasants, with the more favourable troops coming from urban backgrounds. The creation of such a ast army was certainly a show of Bolshevik strength, but again, as with the October Revolution, the armies they faced were often of low morale and not entirely devoted to the cause. The 2. 4 million in White opposition came from an eclectic background of tsarists, western anti-communists and other armies with their own agendas, such as the Czech Legion who were only really interested in Czech independence, the Kubans, as we ll as a number of Generals who were seemingly all out to gain for themselves, such as General Kolchak who was elected ruler of Siberia, but also declared himself supreme ruler of Russia as well. These clashing ideals and the fact that the White forces were so scattered Geographically proved a major disadvantage, as although the Bolsheviks faced threats from all sides, these threats were part of seemingly very disorganised and uncoordinated attacks, which meant that the very centralised Red forces were able to deal with these attacks very efficiently as they were never facing large concentrated armies. Though the Bolshevik's advantages were not completely due to the weakness of White coordination. The Bolshevik's had decided very early on that in order to defeat the Whites, they needed to centralise their forces around Moscow, the major industrial city and new capital of Russia. Doing this allowed them quick and easy access to munitions and other military equipment, whereas the Whites were often waiting around for ammunition drops from the Western allies. As well as this, the Red Army had access to and control over the railways, which also helped to speed up the transportation of troops and munitions between the battles. With these advantages, the Red Army ended up being better equipped, more organised and were almost always in the most advantageous positions if it came to a fight. Another factor which can help us to understand the strengths of the Bolsheviks and the weakness of their opposition is the public support that they had. During the October Revolution, the public support that the Provisional Government had was, like it's military power, practically non-existent. The Provisional Government had never actually been elected, they had simply assumed power after the Tsar's abdication, and so had never proved to the public that they were the right people for the job. Under the provisional government, the country had become almost a law unto itself, with the peasants revolting in the rural areas, illegally seizing land from landlords. This was because the provisional government had failed to solve the land problems in Russia, and the peasants were getting so desperate that they resorted to the seizing of land, just like back in the days of the broken Tsarist system. In addition to this, there were numerous strikes in urban areas regarding the War. The War was, like the land problem, one of the primary reasons for the uprising against Nicholas II's rule, and that the provisional government had come into power yet seemed reluctant or were unable to solve these problems greatly decreased their popularity with the Russian people. As a result, their favour was leaning more and more towards the Bolshevik dominated Soviets. Though that is not to say the Bolsheviks didn't show the initiative to pounce on the problems the Provisional Government was facing and turn them to their advantage. The Bolsheviks themselves led a number of strikes, in which they promised they would end the war and they coined the phrase â€Å"Land to the peasants†. They also showed great insight in their dominating of the Soviets, which were really the more powerful of the dual authority. The Soviets had control of the army, and with the Bolsheviks trying their upmost and succeeding in gaining the most influence of all the parties in the Soviet, they were greatly strengthening their own position. But even then, their dominance could be put down to the weakness and lack of commitment of the other parties. As mentioned before, the Bolsheviks were not the majority party, the SR's and Mensheviks had substantially greater numbers, but the reason the Bolsheviks continued to influence the Soviets most was that the other parties became lazy, and often did not bother attending soviet meetings, whereas the Bolsheviks turned up as often as possible and had much more time to influence the Soviet. The Civil War was quite different. The Bolsheviks did not really have the majority of public support. The War Communism strategy that they adopted made them very unpopular with the general populace, and there were various uprisings and protests throughout the war, however, these were all quite easily quelled by the use of either the Cheka or the Red Army. As well as this, although not all of the people agreed with the Bolshevik's they managed to conscript a huge number of people into the Red Army, even ex-Tsarists, in fact, many officers were ex-Tsarists and were kept in check by the political commissars. They also took harsh steps, known as the Red Terror, which kept the public, for the most part, cooperative out of sheer fear of being killed by the Cheka or Red Army. The White Army cannot really be said to have had a huge amount of support either. They were a very mixed bunch, and nobody really knew what they were about, and so they had no more support than the Bolsheviks from the Russian population. Perhaps one of the most important things a government needs to survive is a driving sense of purpose. During the October Revolution, The Provisional Government were far from an inspiring government, they had of course, sort of had power thrust upon them, they had not gained power by any amazing feat or show of power. The Bolsheviks on the other hand, were led by Lenin and Trotsky, who were both very driven individuals. They both had a phenomenal sense of purpose, being international revolutionaries, they truly believed that what they were doing could shape the world for the better. Similarly, in the Civil War, the White forces did not have a single direction in which they were all aiming to do, besides the destruction of the Bolsheviks. Some wanted power for themselves, some were fighting for the promise of independence, but they were not a particularly unified force, and didn't really have a leader whom they were led by, there was no white equivalent to Lenin and Trotsky. On the other hand, the Red Army were led by the inspiring Trotsky, who, though he was a harsh leader, instilled a huge sense of belief in the Red Army that they would eventually emerge from the war victorious. In conclusion, I believe that the success of the Bolsheviks in both circumstances was not something which could have been achieved without both the strength and initiative the Bolsheviks displayed, or the weakness and lack of drive that their opposition showed, because, although the opposition in both cases had many problems, the Bolsheviks were able to take the upper hand by making sure that they were, by comparison, the stronger side, they were always just better enough so that they emerged victorious, whether they had 500 troops or 3 million, they always had the upper hand.